Упражнения для отработки слова SHOULD

SHOULD

Следовало бы

You should work more seriously.

Вам следовало бы работать серьезнее.

Сравните:

You should do it. —Вам следовало бы сделать

это (теперь)

You should have done it. — Вам следовало бы

сделать это (раньше)

You should not do it. — Вам не следовало бы

делать этого (теперь)

You should not have done it. — Вам не следо­вало бы делать этого (раньше)

Обратите внимание:

You should have done it. — следовало

сделать (а вы не сделали)

You should not have done it. — не следовало

делать (а вы сделали)

Упр. 517. Дайте совет, используя модальный глагол should и слова, данные в скобках.

E.g. Her diction is not very good, (to read aloud) She should read aloud.

1. The boy is a little pale, (to play out-of-doors) 2. I am afraid you will miss that train, (to take a taxi) 3. There is no one in. (to try the room next door) 4. I have a slight irritation in my throat, (to smoke less) 5. TKs child doesn’t want to eat soup, (not to give her sweets before dinner) 6. She makes a lot of spelling mistakes, (to copy passages out of a book) 7. The dog is afraid of him. (not to shout at the dog) 8. The students are unable to follow what I am saying, (not to speak so fast)

Упр. 518. Скажите автору нижеследующих предложений, что надо (не надо) было делать.

E.g. I) I bought that book spending a lot of money.

You should not have bought the book. 2) I did not buy that book.

You should have bought the book.

1. So I took the child to the cinema. 2. We forgot to leave a message for her. 3. We did not wait for them because it was beginning to rain. 4. I did not put down her address and now I don’t know how to find her. 5. I did not explain to her how to get here. 6. I bought a pair of red shoes to go with my new dress. 7. So I told her frankl> what we all thought about her idea. 8. 1 have no_t seen the film, and now it is too late because it ifc no longer on. 9. My pen was leaking, so 1 wrote with a pencil. 10, Tarn afraid 1 ate too much cakf with my tea. >

Упр. 519. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя модальный глагол should в сочета­нии с требующейся формой инфинитива (Indefinite Infinitive — Perfect Infinitive).

A 1. Вы бы сказали ей об этом. 2. Не следует вам так поздно там оставаться. 3. Ей надо сей­час же пойти к врачу. 4. Лучше наденьте шер­стяные носки. 5. Им лучше начать пораньше. 6. Не следует говорить с ней по-английски. 7. Вамчнужно повернуть направо. 8. Лучше ска­жите кому-нибудь об этом. В. 1. Надо было сказать ей об этом. 2. Не надо было оставаться там так поздно. 3. Ей надо было сейчас же пойти к врачу. 4. Вам надо было на­деть шерстяные носки. 5. Им надо было начать пораньше. 6. Не следовало говорить с ней по-английски. 7. Надо было повернуть направо. 8. Надо было кому-нибудь сказать об этом.

Упр. 520. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя модальный глагол should в сочета­нии с требующейся формой инфинитива (Indefinite Infinitive — Perfect Infinitive).

1. Вам следует работать больше. 2. Ей следует слушать советы учителя. 3. Вам следовало бы извиниться: вы не правы. 4. Вам не следует про­пускать уроки английского языка. 5. Дети дол­жны быть более внимательны к своим родите­лям. 6. Ему следует обратиться к врачу. 7. Ему следовало давно обратиться к врачу. 8. Вы не должны давать ребенку столько конфет. 9. Ему следует прочитать эту книгу. 10. Ему следовало уже прочитать эту книгу. 11. Вам следует пойти туда и поговорить с ними 12. Вам следовало сходить туда (раньше) и поговорить с ними. 3. Он не должен был так грубо разговаривать. 14. Он не должен был забывать о моей просьбе. 15. Ей давно бы следовало вернуться. 16. Тебе не следует ходить туда. 17. Вам надо было про­читать эту книгу в прошлом году. 18. Вам бы следовало поговорить с вашим дядей, когда он приедет. 19. Ей не надо было носить такие тяже­лые вещи. 20. Ему следовало помнить об этом. 21. Вы должны были попросить разрешения. 22. Вы не должны были беспокоиться.

Сравните:

You needn‘t have done it. — могли и не делать (это было не обязательно) You shouldn‘t have done it. — не следовало делать (плохо, что вы это сделали)

Упр. 521. Прокомментируйте следующие дей­ствия, употребляя модальные глаголы should, shouldn‘t или needn‘t.

E.g. 1) A boy was impolite to a girl and did not apologize. You should have apologized to the girl.

2) A pupil did all the exercises in writing even those which were meant for oral practice.

You needn’t have done all the exercises in writing.

3) Your aunt is running a temperature. You should consult the doctor.

What will you say to the person who:

1) bought bread which was not necessary? 2) was not present at the meeting? 3) sent a telegram which was quite unnecessary? 4) went out without his coat and caught cold? 5) apologized for asking you a question?

6) didn’t attend a very important lecture? 7) got up at six o’clock on Sunday morning, which was not at all necessary? ” 8) read till two o’clock in¹ the morning? 9) copied the whole text into his exercise-book?

10) watered the garden, and it is raining now? 11) hasn’t returned the books to the library? [12) crossed the street under the red light? 13) doesn’t cross the street when the lights are green? [ 14) doesn’t want to cross the street by the subway? 15) doesn’t take off his hat when entering a room? 16) did not help his classmate to clean the class­room? 117) has a splitting headache?

Сравните:

You should have done it. — следовало сделать (а вы не сделали) You must have done it. — должно быть, сделали

Упр. 522. Вставьте модальные глаголы should ила must.

1. a) You … have studied the material thorough­ly. I see you have made no mistakes in the test-paper.
2. b) You … have studied the material thorough­ly. Then you would not have made so many mistakes.
3. a) She … have followed the doctor’s advice. She would have recovered by now. b) She … have followed the doctor’s advice. She looks very fine. 3. a) You … have ignored the instructions of your sports coach. That’s why you lost the game. b) You … have followed the instructions of your sports coach. Then you would have won the

game. 4. a) She … have forgotten to take her medicine, b) She … have remembered to take her medi­cine. 5. a) I … have got on the wrong bus. I cannot recognize the places we are passing, b) I … have looked carefully at the number of the bus. Now I must change buses, and I am afraid I shall be late.

Сравните:
I should have I had to do it.	done it. — следовало сделать (а я не сделал) — пришлось сделать (сделал)

Упр. 523. Вставьте модальные глаголы should или had to. Раскройте скобки, употребляя тре­бующуюся форму инфинитива.

1. I … (to write) this composition yesterday, but I was too busy as I … (to translate) a very long text from English. 2. I … not (to take) my little brother to the evening performance, he was so excited; but I really … (to do) so, for there was nobody at home to leave him with. 3. You … (to see) our team play! You have missed a lot. You … (to go) to the stadium. 4. It was a very important meeting and we … (to attend) it. That’s why we returned home late. 5. He … (to attend) the lesson: the material which the teacher ex­plained was very difficult, and now it will be impossible for him to write the test-paper well. 6. Although he felt unwell, he … (to attend) the lesson, because the teacher explained some very difficult material.

Упр. 524. Вставьте модальные глаголы should иди had to. Раскроите скобки, употребляя тре­бующуюся форму инфинитива.

1. Не was out when we came, and we … (to wait) for over an hour. 2. It was raining hard. We … (to wear) our raincoats. 3. I … (to take) a taxi, otherwise I should have missed the train. 4. You walked all the way here carrying this heavy suit­case. You … (to take) a taxi. 5. They won’t be able to buy anything but lemonade on the train. You … (to give) them some sandwiches at least. 6. Mother was coming to dinner, so I … (to bake) her favour­ite cake. 7. You knew I was bringing people to dinner. You … (to bake) a cake. 8. She is quite an authority. You … (to ask) her. 9. I could not stand that noise any longer. I … (to go) out and (to tell) them to stop. 10. How can you work in this noise? You … (to tell) the children to stop.

	Сравните:
	I needn’t have	done it. —	можно было не
	делать (а я сделал) I didn‘t have to do it. — можно было не
		делать	(я и	не делал)

Упр. 525. В следующих предложениях часть текста написана по-русски. Напишите предло­жения полностью по-английски, употребляя модальные глаголы need или to have to.

1. а) Можно было не покупать сахар, and I didn’t go to the shop. b) Why did you go to the shop? Можно было и не покупать сахар: we have enough of it. 2. а) Мы могли не тревожиться за нее, as we knew that she was taken very good care of. b) He надо было тревожиться за нас: you see that everything is O.K. 3. а) Можно было и не ходить туда, you have wasted your time. They have phoned us and given us all the instructions, b) Можно было не ходить туда, and we re­mained at home. 4. а) Мне не надо было идти в библиотеку, as I had all the books I needed, b) Незачем было ходить в библиотеку: you have only wasted your time. Don’t you know that I shall give you all the necessary books? 5. а) Вы могли и не ездить в центр: you could have bought everything you needed in the local shops. b) Я мог не ездить в центр, as a very good department store had recently opened in our parts, so I went there and bought everything I needed. 6. а) Вы могли и не проверять правописание: the computer can do all the correcting, b) Я мог не проверять правописание: the com­puter did all the correcting, so it did not take me long to complete my work. 7. а) Я мог не звонить ему, so I went to bed at once. b) It turned out that я мог и не звонить ему, as he knew everything from his sister.

Упр. 526. Вставьте модальные глаголы should, need или to have to. Раскройте скобки, употреб­ляя требующуюся форму инфинитива.

1. You … not (to go) out in this rain; as it is you have a cold in your head. 2. It was Sunday, and we … not (to go) to school. 3. Everything is all right. You see that you … not (to worry). 4. You are out of breath. You … not (to run): you know how bad it is for you. 5. You … not (to tell) her about it. Now she is sure not to sleep the whole night wor­rying. 6. You … not (to go) with her: she knows the way perfectly well. 7. You … not (to put) so much pepper in the meat. No one will be able to eat it. 8. You … not (to give) them any lunch. They can get coffee and sandwiches on the train.